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	<title>Digital Journal &#187; Uncategorized</title>
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		<title>Two Factor SSH with Google Authenticator</title>
		<link>https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=146</link>
		<comments>https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=146#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 18 Nov 2012 17:38:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=146</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[To implement multifactor authentication with Google Authenticator, we’ll need the open-source Google Authenticator PAM module. PAM stands for “pluggable authentication module” – it’s a way to easily plug different forms of authentication into a Linux system. &#160; Download the required packages: # apt-get -yy install gcc mercurial libpam0g-dev &#160; Download from google code and compile [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To implement multifactor authentication with Google Authenticator, we’ll need the open-source Google Authenticator PAM module. PAM stands for “pluggable authentication module” – it’s a way to easily plug different forms of authentication into a Linux system.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Download the required packages:<br />
# apt-get -yy install gcc mercurial libpam0g-dev</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Download from google code and compile it<br />
# wget https://google-authenticator.googlecode.com/files/libpam-google-authenticator-1.0-source.tar.bz2<br />
# bunzip2 libpam-google-authenticator-1.0-source.tar.bz2<br />
# tar -xvf libpam-google-authenticator-1.0-source.tar<br />
# cd  libpam-google-authenticator-1.0<br />
# make<br />
# make install</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>run it for the first time<br />
# ./google-authenticator</p>
<p>Do you want authentication tokens to be time-based (y/n) y<br />
https://www.google.com/chart?chs=200&#215;200&amp;chld=M|0&amp;cht=qr&amp;chl=otpauth://totp/harris@www.example.com%3Fsecret%3D TYJ74KP3JJJBDZBG<br />
Your new secret key is: TYJ74KP3JJJBDZBG<br />
Your verification code is 063115<br />
Your emergency scratch codes are:<br />
16481508<br />
19248644<br />
56538567<br />
36737328<br />
68456914</p>
<p>Do you want me to update your &#8220;/root/.google_authenticator&#8221; file (y/n) y</p>
<p>Do you want to disallow multiple uses of the same authentication<br />
token? This restricts you to one login about every 30s, but it increases<br />
your chances to notice or even prevent man-in-the-middle attacks (y/n) y</p>
<p>By default, tokens are good for 30 seconds and in order to compensate for<br />
possible time-skew between the client and the server, we allow an extra<br />
token before and after the current time. If you experience problems with poor<br />
time synchronization, you can increase the window from its default<br />
size of 1:30min to about 4min. Do you want to do so (y/n) y</p>
<p>If the computer that you are logging into isn&#8217;t hardened against brute-force<br />
login attempts, you can enable rate-limiting for the authentication module.<br />
By default, this limits attackers to no more than 3 login attempts every 30s.<br />
Do you want to enable rate-limiting (y/n) y</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Google Authenticator will present you with a secret key and several “emergency scratch codes.” Write down the emergency scratch codes somewhere safe – they can only be used one time each, and they’re intended for use if you lose your phone.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Enter the secret key in the Google Authenticator app on your phone (official apps are available for Android, iOS, and Blackberry. You can also use the scan barcode feature – go to the URL located near the top of the command’s output and you can scan a QR code with your phone’s camera.</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/image166.png"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-147" title="image166" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/image166-189x300.png" alt="" width="189" height="300" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>You’ll now have a constantly changing verification code on your phone.</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/image167.png"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-148" title="image167" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/image167.png" alt="" width="288" height="260" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Activate google authenticator</strong></p>
<p>Next you’ll have to require Google Authenticator for SSH logins. To do so, open the <strong>/etc/pam.d/sshd </strong>file on your system (for example, with the<strong> sudo nano /etc/pam.d/sshd</strong> command) and add the following line to end of the file:</p>
<blockquote><p>auth required pam_google_authenticator.so</p></blockquote>
<p>Next, open the <strong>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</strong> file, locate the <strong>ChallengeResponseAuthentication</strong> line, and change it to read as follows:</p>
<blockquote><p>ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes</p></blockquote>
<p>(If the <strong>ChallengeResponseAuthentication</strong> line doesn’t already exist, add the above line to the file.)</p>
<p>Finally, restart the SSH server so your changes will take effect:</p>
<p># service ssh restart</p>
<p>You’ll be prompted for both your password and Google Authenticator code whenever you attempt to log in via SSH.</p>
<p>Just run google-authenticator as the user which you want to enable 2 factor authentication for.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Increase/expand size of the  boot or system disk on Windows 2003</title>
		<link>https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=83</link>
		<comments>https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=83#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Oct 2012 09:01:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Windows]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[expand partition using gparted]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[expand system disk windows 2003]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[increase boot partition windows 2003]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[increase system disk windows 2003]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Increase/expand size of the boot or system disk on Windows 2003]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=83</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[There are some of software that can be used to increase/expand size of the  boot or system  disk size on Windows 2003 for example, acronis disk director, partition master, partition wizard, partition assistant,but whatever tools you will use, Please do a backup first. Please take note that you would not be able to increase/expand the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There are some of software that can be used to increase/expand size of the  boot or system  disk size on Windows 2003 for example, acronis disk director, partition master, partition wizard, partition assistant,but whatever tools you will use, Please do a backup first. Please take note that you would not be able to increase/expand the size of the partition if there is no more available unallocated space on your Disk.</p>
<p>but why need to extend system or boot partition? As applications continue to be installed into the Windows system, one day, suddenly you will find that the system and/or boot partition do not have enough free disk space, and when every time the system starts, Windows always prompts the following information:</p>
<p><strong>You are running out of disk space on SYSTEM (C:), To free space on this drive by deleting old or unnecessary files, click here…</strong></p>
<p>This time i will use Gparted (<a title="http://gparted.sourceforge.net" href="http://gparted.sourceforge.net">http://gparted.sourceforge.net</a>) , one of best opensource tools available, With GParted you can resize, copy, and move partitions without data loss (**Again i warn you to do a proper backup before proceed**)</p>
<p>-)Load in the Gparted live CD into the CdRom/DVDRom and boot up directly using CDRom/DVDRom, you might need to change your server/pc boot order</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted1.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-85" title="Gparted Boot menu" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted1-300x225.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="225" /></a></p>
<p>Select Gparted Live and press Enter to continue.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted2.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-87" title="gparted2" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted2-300x166.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="166" /></a></p>
<p>Use default setting and  press enter to continue.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted3.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-88" title="gparted3" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted3-300x167.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="167" /></a></p>
<p>Use default setting to use US-English and press Enter to continue.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted4.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-89" title="gparted4" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted4-300x165.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="165" /></a></p>
<p>Use default setting and press Enter to continue.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted5.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-90" title="gparted5" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted5-300x201.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="201" /></a></p>
<p>Select which partition you want to increase/expand.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted6.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-91" title="gparted6" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted6-300x205.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="205" /></a></p>
<p>Click on &#8220;Partition&#8221; from the Menu and Click on &#8220;Resize or Move&#8221;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted7.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-92" title="gparted7" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted7-300x205.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="205" /></a></p>
<p>Before Rezising. Drag Bar accross to Max Size</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted8.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-93" title="gparted8" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted8-300x204.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="204" /></a></p>
<p>After Resizing.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted9.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-94" title="gparted9" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted9-300x205.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="205" /></a><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted10.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-95" title="gparted10" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted10-300x204.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="204" /></a><a href="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted11.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-96" title="gparted11" src="http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gparted11-300x206.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="206" /></a></p>
<p>Click Apply.</p>
<p>-)Done</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>PS. If your Windows 2003 is running on Virtualization (VMware ,VMware ESX/i, Virtualbox, KVM) , these steps can be followed:</p>
<p>-)Turn off Windows 2003 VM</p>
<p>-)Increase Disk Allocation to the VM for example from 100GB to 150GB</p>
<p>-)Turn on your Windows 2003 VM and boot using Gparted CD/ISO file</p>
<p>-)Follow the above steps before this &#8220;PS&#8221; section <img src='https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>[ Once Again , do this on your own risk, do backup first before proceed.]</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Password are like underwear&#8230;</title>
		<link>https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=66</link>
		<comments>https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=66#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 28 Sep 2012 01:33:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[password and underwear]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[password are like underwear]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=66</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Password are like underwear.. Change yours often Password are like underwear.. Don&#8217;t share them with friends Password are like underwear.. The longer, the better Password are like underwear.. Be mysterious Password are like underwear.. Don&#8217;t leave yours lying around]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Password are like underwear..<br />
Change yours often</p>
<p>Password are like underwear..<br />
Don&#8217;t share them with friends</p>
<p>Password are like underwear..<br />
The longer, the better</p>
<p>Password are like underwear..<br />
Be mysterious</p>
<p>Password are like underwear..<br />
Don&#8217;t leave yours lying around</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Hello world!</title>
		<link>https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=1</link>
		<comments>https://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=1#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 26 Sep 2012 07:45:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://digitaljournal.sg/wp/?p=1</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Welcome to WordPress. This is your first post. Edit or delete it, then start blogging!]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Welcome to WordPress. This is your first post. Edit or delete it, then start blogging!</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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